China is becoming increasingly involved in international peacebuilding measures. In post-conflict societies, the country prioritises the reconstruction of infrastructure and economic development over political reforms. Experts describe this approach as competition for the already criticised model of "peace through democracy promotion", which the European Union (EU) also stands for. But what do people in conflict countries themselves think about this competition?
In our third BKHS Perspective, Julia Strasheim and Subindra Bogati explore this question using the example of Nepal, where they have spoken to more than 70 representatives from politics, journalism, civil society, the military, police and international organisations since 2015. The long observation period enables them to analyse China's growing influence in Nepal before and after the country joined the Belt and Road Initiative in 2017.
Their research shows that China's growing influence in the country has had a significant impact on the peace process and has changed the view of European efforts. This is evident in all key areas of the peace process, from the constitution and the situation of civil society to security sector reform and respect for human rights.
At the same time, the example of Nepal shows how resilient even small countries can be to China's influence in some areas and that setbacks in the "peace through democracy promotion" approach also have to do with the European commitment itself. Grievances such as insensitive behaviour towards the local population or (justified) doubts about their credibility should be addressed by the EU and its member states independently of China's activities in this policy area.
